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Female Genital Mutilation: A Global Crisis — Causes, Consequences, and the Path to Ending It

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) remains one of the most dangerous and persistent forms of gender-based violence in the world. Despite decades of advocacy, over 200 million girls and women alive today have undergone FGM , and millions more remain at risk every year. This harmful practice violates human rights, threatens health, and reinforces deep structural inequalities. What Is Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)? Female Genital Mutilation refers to the partial or total removal of external female genitalia for non-medical reasons . The procedure is performed in various ways depending on cultural context, but it always results in harm, trauma, and long-term complications . FGM has no health benefits and is recognized internationally as a violation of human rights, bodily integrity, and freedom from violence. Why Does FGM Happen? Key Cultural and Social Drivers FGM persists due to deeply rooted cultural norms. Common drivers include: 1. Social Pressure & Tradition Communities...