Introduction: Reproductive rights encompass the legal and moral right to make decisions about one’s own reproductive health — including the choice to access contraception, abortion, and maternity care . These rights are fundamental to gender equality, bodily autonomy, and public health. Global Landscape: In 2025, access to abortion services remains deeply divided across the world. Some countries have strengthened protections for reproductive choice, while others have imposed stricter bans or procedural barriers. Social, cultural, and religious influences continue to shape national policies, often at the expense of women’s health and autonomy. Barriers to Access: Even in countries where abortion is legal, barriers persist: Cost and healthcare access: Lack of affordable services or trained providers. Legal restrictions: Waiting periods, parental consent laws, or limited gestational windows. Social stigma : Fear of judgment and discrimination deters many from seeking car...